/* =============================================================
   RESEARCH JOURNALS — PUBLISH WORLD
   Bold Editorial / Magazine Design System
   ============================================================= */

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Fraunces:opsz,wght@9..144,300;9..144,400;9..144,500;9..144,600;9..144,700;9..144,800;9..144,900&family=Inter:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Source+Serif+4:opsz,wght@8..60,400;8..60,500;8..60,600;8..60,700&display=swap');

:root {
  /* Color tokens */
  --bg-cream: #fdfaf3;
  --bg-warm: #f5ede0;
  --bg-card: #ffffff;
  --bg-deep: #0e1628;
  --bg-deep-soft: #1a2540;

  --ink-primary: #0e1628;
  --ink-secondary: #4a526b;
  --ink-muted: #8189a5;
  --ink-onDeep: #fdfaf3;
  --ink-onDeep-muted: #b8bdcf;

  --accent-red: #d62939;
  --accent-red-dark: #a81e2d;
  --accent-orange: #e87c1e;
  --accent-blue: #1c5e9a;
  --accent-blue-light: #0a8db7;
  --accent-yellow: #f4ba2a;
  --accent-green: #2c8a52;

  --border-subtle: #e8e0cf;
  --border-rule: #c9c1ad;
  --border-strong: #0e1628;

  /* Per-journal accent colors (match the real cover designs) */
  --journal-vignettes: #8b1a2b;
  --journal-research-expo: #1c5e9a;
  --journal-quest: #0a8db7;
  --journal-acme: #d97706;
  --journal-global: #c2410c;

  /* Typography */
  --font-display: 'Fraunces', 'Cormorant Garamond', Georgia, serif;
  --font-body: 'Source Serif 4', 'Source Serif Pro', Georgia, serif;
  --font-ui: 'Inter', -apple-system, system-ui, sans-serif;

  /* Spacing scale */
  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 0.75rem;
  --space-4: 1rem;
  --space-5: 1.5rem;
  --space-6: 2rem;
  --space-7: 3rem;
  --space-8: 4rem;
  --space-9: 6rem;
  --space-10: 8rem;

  /* Layout */
  --container-narrow: 720px;
  --container-text: 880px;
  --container-wide: 1280px;

  /* Effects */
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.04), 0 1px 3px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.06);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 8px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.06), 0 12px 28px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.10);
  --shadow-lg: 0 14px 30px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.10), 0 28px 60px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.14);
  --shadow-cover: 0 8px 20px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.20), 0 20px 50px rgba(14, 22, 40, 0.18);

  --radius-sm: 2px;
  --radius-md: 6px;
  --radius-lg: 12px;

  --transition: 240ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

/* ===== Base / Reset ===== */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  font-size: 17px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  background: var(--bg-cream);
  min-height: 100vh;
  font-feature-settings: "kern", "liga", "onum";
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

img, svg { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a {
  color: var(--accent-red);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition);
}
a:hover { color: var(--accent-red-dark); }

button { font-family: inherit; cursor: pointer; }

/* ===== Typography Scale ===== */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.12;
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-4);
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

h1 { font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 7vw, 5rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -0.025em; }
h2 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.5vw, 3.25rem); font-weight: 500; }
h3 { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.5vw, 1.875rem); font-weight: 600; }
h4 { font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 600; }
h5 { font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 600; }
h6 { font-size: 0.95rem; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.08em; }

p { margin: 0 0 var(--space-4); }

.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  display: inline-block;
}

.label-mono {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

/* ===== Layout Containers ===== */
.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container-wide);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--space-5);
}
.container--narrow { max-width: var(--container-narrow); }
.container--text { max-width: var(--container-text); }

/* ===== Top Banner ===== */
.top-banner {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
  position: relative;
}
.top-banner::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-red) 0%, transparent 30%, transparent 70%, var(--accent-orange) 100%);
  opacity: 0.08;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.top-banner__inner {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  position: relative;
}
.top-banner a { color: var(--accent-yellow); }
.top-banner a:hover { color: var(--bg-cream); }
.top-banner__contact { display: flex; gap: var(--space-5); flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ===== Header / Masthead ===== */
.site-header {
  background: var(--bg-cream);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  background: rgba(253, 250, 243, 0.94);
}

.masthead {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.brand {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}
.brand:hover { color: var(--ink-primary); }

.brand__logo {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.brand__logo svg { width: 32px; height: 32px; fill: var(--accent-yellow); }
.brand__logo::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 3px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.4);
  border-radius: 2px;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.brand__text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1; }
.brand__name {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.55rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.brand__sub {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.nav-primary {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: center;
}
.nav-primary a {
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
}
.nav-primary a::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: -2px;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--accent-red);
  transition: width var(--transition);
}
.nav-primary a:hover::after,
.nav-primary a.active::after { width: 100%; }

.nav-cta {
  background: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--bg-cream) !important;
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent-red);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.nav-cta:hover {
  background: var(--accent-red-dark);
  border-color: var(--accent-red-dark);
}
.nav-cta::after { display: none; }

/* Mobile menu toggle */
.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: var(--ink-primary);
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-primary);
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  padding: 0;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 4px;
}
.menu-toggle span {
  position: relative;
  width: 18px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--bg-cream);
  display: block;
}
.menu-toggle span::before,
.menu-toggle span::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--bg-cream);
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.menu-toggle span::before { top: -6px; }
.menu-toggle span::after { top: 6px; }

/* ===== HERO — bold magazine style ===== */
.hero {
  padding: var(--space-9) 0 var(--space-9);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-cream);
}
.hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -100px;
  left: -200px;
  width: 700px;
  height: 700px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(214, 41, 57, 0.07), transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}
.hero::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -100px;
  right: -200px;
  width: 800px;
  height: 800px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(232, 124, 30, 0.08), transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}
.hero__inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.hero__layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-9);
  align-items: center;
}
.hero__badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--accent-yellow);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  border-radius: 100px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.hero__badge::before {
  content: '';
  width: 8px; height: 8px;
  background: var(--accent-yellow);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.3);
  animation: pulse 2s infinite;
}
@keyframes pulse {
  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.3); }
  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.05); }
}

.hero__title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 7.5vw, 5.75rem);
  line-height: 0.95;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}
.hero__title em {
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
}
.hero__title em::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -4px;
  height: 8px;
  background: rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.4);
  z-index: -1;
}
.hero__lede {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  max-width: 540px;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}
.hero__cta-row {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.hero__meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-7);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  padding-top: var(--space-5);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}
.hero__meta-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-1);
}
.hero__meta-num {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.hero__meta-num em {
  color: var(--accent-red);
  font-style: normal;
}
.hero__meta-label {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

/* Hero - Books showcase */
.hero__books {
  position: relative;
  height: 460px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  perspective: 1400px;
}

.hero-book {
  position: absolute;
  width: 200px;
  height: 280px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-cover);
  transition: all 400ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0.2, 1);
  overflow: hidden;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.hero-book:hover {
  transform: scale(1.08) rotate(0deg) translateY(-12px) !important;
  z-index: 100 !important;
}

.hero-book:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(-14deg) translateX(-180px) translateY(20px); z-index: 1; }
.hero-book:nth-child(2) { transform: rotate(-7deg) translateX(-90px) translateY(-10px); z-index: 2; }
.hero-book:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(0deg) translateX(0); z-index: 5; }
.hero-book:nth-child(4) { transform: rotate(7deg) translateX(90px) translateY(-10px); z-index: 3; }
.hero-book:nth-child(5) { transform: rotate(14deg) translateX(180px) translateY(20px); z-index: 1; }

/* ===== Buttons ===== */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--ink-primary);
  background: var(--ink-primary);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.btn:hover {
  background: var(--accent-red);
  border-color: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.btn--ghost {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}
.btn--ghost:hover { background: var(--ink-primary); color: var(--bg-cream); }

.btn--accent {
  background: var(--accent-red);
  border-color: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
}
.btn--accent:hover { background: var(--accent-red-dark); border-color: var(--accent-red-dark); color: var(--bg-cream); }

.btn--orange {
  background: var(--accent-orange);
  border-color: var(--accent-orange);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
}
.btn--orange:hover { background: #c8651a; border-color: #c8651a; color: var(--bg-cream); }

.btn--small { padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4); font-size: 0.82rem; }
.btn--large { padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6); font-size: 1rem; }

.btn--icon::after {
  content: '→';
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.btn--icon:hover::after { transform: translateX(4px); }

/* ===== Trust strip — accreditations ===== */
.trust-strip {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-red);
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent-orange);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.trust-strip__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-7);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-align: center;
}
.trust-strip__item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
.trust-strip__item strong {
  color: var(--accent-yellow);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.trust-strip__divider {
  width: 1px;
  height: 20px;
  background: rgba(184, 189, 207, 0.3);
}

/* ===== Section ===== */
.section { padding: var(--space-9) 0; }
.section--light { background: var(--bg-card); }
.section--warm { background: var(--bg-warm); }
.section--deep {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.section--deep::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-red), var(--accent-orange), var(--accent-yellow), var(--accent-blue-light));
}
.section--deep h1, .section--deep h2, .section--deep h3 { color: var(--ink-onDeep); }
.section--deep .eyebrow { color: var(--accent-yellow); }
.section--deep p { color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted); }

.section-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-end;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-7);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
  position: relative;
}
.section-header::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--ink-primary) 0%, var(--ink-primary) 100px, var(--border-subtle) 100px, var(--border-subtle) 100%);
}
.section--deep .section-header::after { background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-yellow) 0%, var(--accent-yellow) 100px, rgba(184, 189, 207, 0.2) 100px, rgba(184, 189, 207, 0.2) 100%); }

.section-header__title h2 { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.section-header__title p {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  max-width: 600px;
  margin: 0;
}
.section--deep .section-header__title p { color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted); }

/* ===== Journals Grid — feature cards with covers ===== */
.journals-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(340px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.journal-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  position: relative;
  border-top: 5px solid var(--journal-color, var(--accent-red));
  transition: all var(--transition);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  min-height: 260px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.journal-card[data-journal="vignettes"] { --journal-color: var(--journal-vignettes); }
.journal-card[data-journal="research-expo"] { --journal-color: var(--journal-research-expo); }
.journal-card[data-journal="quest"] { --journal-color: var(--journal-quest); }
.journal-card[data-journal="acme"] { --journal-color: var(--journal-acme); }
.journal-card[data-journal="global"] { --journal-color: var(--journal-global); }

.journal-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 50%, var(--journal-color) 100%);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--transition);
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.journal-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}
.journal-card:hover::before { opacity: 0.05; }

.journal-card > * { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.journal-card__cover {
  align-self: center;
  position: relative;
}
.journal-card__cover img {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-cover);
  transform: rotate(-3deg);
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.journal-card:hover .journal-card__cover img {
  transform: rotate(0deg) scale(1.05);
}

.journal-card__body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.journal-card__label {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--journal-color, var(--accent-red));
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.journal-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.journal-card__title-sub {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
}
.journal-card__tagline {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  line-height: 1.5;
}
.journal-card__meta {
  margin-top: auto;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.journal-card__issn {
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.journal-card__arrow {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: var(--journal-color, var(--accent-red));
  transition: transform var(--transition);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.journal-card:hover .journal-card__arrow { transform: translateX(6px); }

/* ===== Featured Issue ===== */
.featured-issue {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.5fr;
  gap: var(--space-7);
  align-items: center;
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: var(--space-7);
  border-left: 5px solid var(--accent-red);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.featured-issue::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; right: 0;
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(214, 41, 57, 0.06), transparent 70%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.featured-issue__cover-img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-cover);
  transform: rotate(-2deg);
  transition: transform var(--transition);
}
.featured-issue:hover .featured-issue__cover-img {
  transform: rotate(0deg) scale(1.04);
}

.featured-issue__content { position: relative; }
.featured-issue__content h3 { font-size: 1.85rem; margin-bottom: var(--space-3); }

/* ===== Issue Page ===== */
.issue-page__masthead {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep);
  padding: var(--space-8) 0;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.issue-page__masthead::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-red), var(--accent-orange), var(--accent-yellow), var(--accent-blue-light));
}
.issue-page__masthead::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 40%, rgba(244, 186, 42, 0.05) 100%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.issue-page__masthead-inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; }

.issue-meta-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5);
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  padding-top: var(--space-5);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(253, 250, 243, 0.2);
}
.issue-meta-item .label-mono { color: var(--accent-yellow); }
.issue-meta-item__value {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.issue-journal-name {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.75rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}
.issue-tagline { color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted); font-size: 1rem; max-width: 600px; }

/* Papers table */
.papers-section { padding: var(--space-8) 0; }
.papers-section__title {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: end;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink-primary);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}
.papers-section__title h2 { margin: 0; font-size: 2rem; }
.papers-section__title-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.papers-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin-top: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
}
.papers-table thead th {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  text-align: left;
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  background: var(--bg-warm);
}
.papers-table thead th:first-child { width: 60px; text-align: center; padding-left: var(--space-4); }
.papers-table thead th:last-child { width: 150px; text-align: right; padding-right: var(--space-4); }

.papers-table tbody tr {
  transition: background var(--transition);
}
.papers-table tbody tr:hover {
  background: var(--bg-warm);
}
.papers-table tbody td {
  padding: var(--space-5) var(--space-3);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  vertical-align: top;
}
.papers-table tbody td:first-child {
  text-align: center;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  padding-left: var(--space-4);
  width: 60px;
}
.papers-table tbody td:last-child {
  text-align: right;
  padding-right: var(--space-4);
  width: 150px;
}

.paper-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.paper-authors {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.paper-pages {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.btn-download {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  background: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--accent-red);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  border-radius: 4px;
}
.btn-download:hover {
  background: var(--ink-primary);
  border-color: var(--ink-primary);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.btn-download.unavailable {
  opacity: 0.45;
  cursor: not-allowed;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  border-color: var(--border-rule);
}

/* Issues by year */
.issues-by-year { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-3); }
.year-block {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-red);
  padding: var(--space-5);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: start;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.year-block__year {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 3.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.year-block__volume {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.year-block__issues {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.issue-link {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: var(--space-4);
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  transition: all var(--transition);
  border-radius: 4px;
}
.issue-link:hover {
  background: var(--ink-primary);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  border-color: var(--ink-primary);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}
.issue-link__num {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.issue-link__period {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.issue-link:hover .issue-link__period { color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted); }
.issue-link__count {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.issue-link:hover .issue-link__count { color: var(--accent-yellow); }

/* Empty state */
.empty-state {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
  text-align: center;
  border: 2px dashed var(--border-rule);
  border-radius: 4px;
}
.empty-state__icon {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  margin: 0 auto var(--space-5);
  border: 2px solid var(--border-rule);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

/* ===== Pull Quote ===== */
.pull-quote {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.25rem);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-red);
  padding-left: var(--space-5);
  margin: var(--space-7) 0;
  max-width: 720px;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
}

/* ===== Stats Strip ===== */
.stats-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5);
  padding: var(--space-7) 0;
}
.stat__num {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--accent-yellow);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}
.stat__num em { font-style: italic; }
.stat__label {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* ===== Editorial Board ===== */
.editor-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5);
}
.editor-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--accent-red);
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.editor-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}
.editor-card__role {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.editor-card__name {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}
.editor-card__affiliation { font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--ink-secondary); font-style: italic; }

/* ===== Indexing showcase ===== */
.indexing-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.indexing-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  border-radius: 4px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.indexing-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-red);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.indexing-card__num {
  background: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* ===== Footer ===== */
.site-footer {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  padding: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-5);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.site-footer::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-red), var(--accent-orange), var(--accent-yellow), var(--accent-blue-light));
}
.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-7);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(253, 250, 243, 0.1);
}
.footer-brand h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink-onDeep);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.footer-brand p { color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted); font-size: 0.92rem; max-width: 320px; }
.footer-brand__contact {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(253, 250, 243, 0.1);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
.footer-brand__contact strong { color: var(--accent-yellow); font-weight: 600; }

.footer-col h5 {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  color: var(--accent-yellow);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.footer-col ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.footer-col li { margin-bottom: var(--space-2); }
.footer-col a {
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  transition: color var(--transition);
}
.footer-col a:hover { color: var(--bg-cream); }

.footer-bottom {
  padding-top: var(--space-5);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--ink-onDeep-muted);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

/* ===== Breadcrumb ===== */
.breadcrumb {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--ink-secondary); }
.breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--accent-red); }
.breadcrumb__sep { margin: 0 var(--space-2); color: var(--border-rule); }

/* ===== Forms ===== */
.form-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: var(--space-7);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  border-radius: 6px;
  border-top: 4px solid var(--accent-red);
}
.form-card h3 {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink-primary);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

.form-grid { display: grid; gap: var(--space-5); grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
.form-row { display: grid; gap: var(--space-5); margin-bottom: var(--space-5); grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
.form-field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-2); }
.form-field--full { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.form-field label {
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
}
.form-field input,
.form-field select,
.form-field textarea {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border-rule);
  background: var(--bg-cream);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.form-field input:focus,
.form-field select:focus,
.form-field textarea:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--accent-red);
  background: var(--bg-card);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(214, 41, 57, 0.1);
}
.form-field textarea { resize: vertical; min-height: 90px; }
.form-field small { color: var(--ink-muted); font-size: 0.82rem; font-family: var(--font-ui); }

.paper-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 60px 2fr 1.5fr 1fr 40px;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  align-items: start;
}
.paper-row__sn {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-red);
  text-align: center;
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
}
.paper-row input { font-size: 0.92rem; padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3); }
.btn-remove {
  background: transparent;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--border-rule);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  margin-top: var(--space-1);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.btn-remove:hover { background: var(--accent-red); color: var(--bg-cream); border-color: var(--accent-red); }
.btn-add-paper {
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  border: 1.5px dashed var(--border-rule);
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  padding: var(--space-4);
  width: 100%;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}
.btn-add-paper:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-red);
  color: var(--accent-red);
  border-style: solid;
  background: rgba(214, 41, 57, 0.03);
}

/* Output area */
.output-tabs {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}
.output-tab {
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
  background: transparent;
  border: 1.5px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: none;
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
  border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;
}
.output-tab.active {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--bg-cream);
  border-color: var(--bg-deep);
}
.output-content {
  background: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--ink-onDeep);
  padding: var(--space-5);
  font-family: 'Menlo', 'Monaco', monospace;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  word-break: break-word;
  max-height: 480px;
  overflow: auto;
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 4px;
}
.output-content { display: none; }
.output-content.active { display: block; }

.copy-row {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.alert {
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-5);
  border-left: 4px solid;
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  font-family: var(--font-ui);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}
.alert--info { border-color: var(--accent-yellow); background: #fef9e7; }
.alert--success { border-color: var(--accent-green); background: #e9f5ed; }
.alert--warn { border-color: var(--accent-red); background: #fdebee; }
.alert strong { font-weight: 700; }

/* ===== Generic Page Header ===== */
.page-header {
  padding: var(--space-8) 0 var(--space-7);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  background: var(--bg-warm);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.page-header::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -100px;
  right: -100px;
  width: 400px;
  height: 400px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(214, 41, 57, 0.06), transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
.page-header h1 { margin-bottom: var(--space-3); position: relative; }
.page-header__lede {
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  max-width: 700px;
  position: relative;
}

/* ===== Utilities ===== */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.mt-0 { margin-top: 0 !important; }
.mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0 !important; }

/* ===== Responsive ===== */
@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .hero__layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-7); }
  .hero__books { transform: scale(0.9); height: 380px; }
  .featured-issue { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-6); }
}

@media (max-width: 960px) {
  :root { --space-9: 4rem; --space-8: 3rem; --space-7: 2rem; }
  .form-grid, .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .paper-row { grid-template-columns: 50px 1fr 40px; }
  .year-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-3); }
  .journal-card { grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr; }
  .top-banner__contact { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  html { font-size: 16px; }
  .nav-primary { display: none; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; flex-direction: column; background: var(--bg-cream); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle); padding: var(--space-4); gap: var(--space-3); align-items: flex-start; box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }
  .nav-primary.is-open { display: flex; }
  .nav-primary a { padding: var(--space-3) 0; width: 100%; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle); }
  .nav-primary a:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
  .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
  .top-banner__inner { justify-content: center; text-align: center; }
  .papers-table thead { display: none; }
  .papers-table tbody, .papers-table tr, .papers-table td { display: block; width: 100%; }
  .papers-table tbody tr { padding: var(--space-4) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle); }
  .papers-table tbody td { border: none; padding: var(--space-1) 0; }
  .papers-table tbody td:first-child { display: inline-block; width: auto; padding-right: var(--space-3); font-size: 1.6rem; vertical-align: top; }
  .papers-table tbody td:nth-child(2) { display: inline-block; width: calc(100% - 60px); vertical-align: top; }
  .papers-table tbody td:last-child { padding-top: var(--space-3); text-align: left; width: 100%; }
  .hero__title { font-size: 2.75rem; }
  .hero__books { transform: scale(0.65); height: 300px; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-3); }
  .stats-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .journal-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; text-align: center; }
  .journal-card__cover { max-width: 140px; margin: 0 auto; }
  .trust-strip__divider { display: none; }
  .trust-strip__inner { gap: var(--space-3); flex-direction: column; }
  .featured-issue { padding: var(--space-5); }
}

/* ===== Print ===== */
@media print {
  .site-header, .top-banner, .site-footer, .nav-primary, .trust-strip { display: none; }
  body { background: white; color: black; }
  .papers-table tbody td:last-child { display: none; }
}

/* ===== Animation ===== */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0.2, 1) forwards;
}
.reveal:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.05s; }
.reveal:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.15s; }
.reveal:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.25s; }
.reveal:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.35s; }
.reveal:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.45s; }